Đáp Án Và Giải Thích Motivating Drives

IELTS Reading Practice Test

Motivating Drives

Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years. This research is a relational study which builds the fundamental and comprehensive model for study. This is especially true when the Business goal is to turn unmotivated teams into productive ones. But their researchers have limitations. It is like studying the movements of car without taking out the engine.
Motivation is what drives people to succeed and plays a vital role in enhancing an organizational development. It is important to study the motivation of employees because it is related to the emotion and behavior of employees. Recent studies show there are four drives for motivation. They are the drive to acquire, the drive to bond, the drive to comprehend and the drive to defend.
The Drive to Acquire
The drive to acquire must be met to optimize the acquire aspect as well as the achievement element. Thus the way that outstanding performance is recognized, the type of perks that is provided to polish the career path. But sometimes a written letter of appreciation generates more motivation than a thousand dollar check, which can serve as the invisible power to boost business engagement. Successful organizations and leaders not only need to focus on the optimization of physical reward but also on moving other levers within the organization that can drive motivation.
The Drive to Bond
The drive to bond is also key to driving motivation. There are many kinds of bonds between people, like friendship, family. In company, employees also want to be an essential part of company. They want to belong to the company. Employees will be motivated if they find personal belonging to the company. In the meantime, the most commitment will be achieved by the employee on condition that the force of motivation within the employee affects the direction, intensity and persistence of decision and behavior in company.
The Drive to Comprehend
The drive to comprehend motivates many employees to higher performance. For years, it has been known that setting stretch goals can greatly impact performance. Organizations need to ensure that the various job roles provide employees with simulation that challenges them or allow them to grow. Employees don’t want to do meaningless things or monotonous job. If the job didn’t provide them with personal meaning and fulfillment, they will leave the company.
The Drive to Defend
The drive to defend is often the hardest lever to pull. This drive manifests itself as a quest to create and promote justice, fairness, and the ability to express ourselves freely. The organizational lever for this basic human motivator is resource allocation. This drive is also met through an employee feeling connection to a company. If their companies are merged with another, they will show worries.
Two studies have been done to find the relations between the four drives and motivation. The article based on two studies was finally published in Harvard Business Review. Most authors’ arguments have laid emphasis on four-drive theory and actual investigations. Using the results of the surveys which executed with employees from Fortune 500 companies and other two global businesses (P company and H company), the article mentions about how independent drives influence employees’ behavior and how organizational levers boost employee motivation.
The studies show that the drive to bond is most related to fulfilling commitment, while the drive to comprehend is most related to how much effort employees spend on works. The drive to acquire can be satisfied by a rewarding system which ties rewards to performances, and gives the best people opportunities for advancement. For drive to defend, a study on the merging of P company and H company shows that employees in former company show an unusual cooperating attitude.
The key to successfully motivate employees is to meet all drives. Each of these drives is important if we are to understand employee motivation. These four drives, while not necessarily the only human drives, are the ones that are central to unified understanding of modern human life.

According to the passage, what are we told about the study of motivation?

The theory of motivating employees is starting to catch attention in organizations in recent years.

It is very important for managers to know how to motivate their subordinates because it is related to the salary of employees.

Researchers have tended to be too theoretical to their study.

The goal of employee motivation is to increase the profit of organizations.

ĐÁP ÁN & GIẢI THÍCH CÂU 1

Locate

Paraphrasing

Question: According to the passage, what are we told about the study of motivation? 
Answer: Researchers have tended to be too theoretical to their study
So sánh các cụm ở câu hỏi với bài đọc, ta có: 
﻿ Researchers  =  researchers  

Giải thích chi tiết

﻿﻿ Nếu nhìn qua cả bài, các bạn sẽ thấy 2 đoạn đầu giới thiệu về study of motivation và các đoạn sau chủ yếu nói về 4 drives  
=> Ta biết sẽ cần đọc đoạn đầu 
Ta cùng đi qua các đáp án một lượt nhé ﻿ 
Đáp án A: The theory of motivating employees is starting to catch attention in organizations in recent years. 
=> Giả thuyết tạo động lực cho employees bắt đầu thu hút sự chú ý của các tổ chức trong những năm gần đây 
=> Chỉ có thông tin 'Scientists have been researching the way to get employees motivated for many years' nhưng không nói organizations bắt đầu chú ý những năm gần đây-> Loại A ﻿ 
Đáp án B: 'It is very important for managers to know how to motivate their subordinates because it is related to the salary of employees' 
=> Không hề có thông tin đề cập tới salary của nhân viên -> Loại B ﻿ 
Đáp án D: The goal of employee motivation is to increase the profit of organizations.
=> Cũng không có thông tin nào nói mục đích của việc thúc đẩy employee là để tăng lợi nhuận -> Loại D ﻿ 
Đáp án C là đáp án đúng, ta cùng phân tích với Linearthinking nhé ﻿ 
﻿ 1   But﻿   their researchers﻿   have limitations. ﻿
﻿ 2   It﻿   is like﻿   studying the movements of car﻿   without taking out the engine.﻿  
=> Câu  1  cho biết: 'researchers' có những hạn chế  
=> Câu  2  nói: nó giống như việc nghiên cứu chuyển động của xe, mà không lấy động cơ ra (Hình ảnh ẩn dụ) 
>>> Nghiên cứu chuyển động của xe, mà không nghiên cứu động cơ. 
>>> Và theo như đáp án -> Điều này được cho là  'too theoretical'  (Hình ảnh ẩn dụ này tương đối mơ hồ ﻿)
>>> Tuy nhiên nếu thấy khó hiểu, ta lập luận theo cách khác. Ta thấy 'theoretical' đi với 'too' 
=> 'Too' thường được dùng để chỉ ý tiêu cực -> Researchers chưa làm tốt 
=> Đồng nghĩa với việc, researchers have limitations -> Chọn C ﻿﻿

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