Đáp Án, và Giải Thích Researching The Origin Of Medieval Manuscripts | IELTS Listening Practice @ dol.vn - Học Tiếng Anh Free

IELTS Listening Practice Test

Researching The Origin Of Medieval Manuscripts

Researching the origin of medieval manuscripts

Background
Medieval manuscripts - handwritten books produced between the fifth and fifteenth centuries
Origin of many manuscripts unknown until 2009; scientists started using DNA testing
Animal hides - two types
Parchment
Sheep skin: white in colour and 1
thin/ very thin
﻿﻿
Greasy - writing can’t be erased so often used for 2
court documents
﻿﻿
Vellum
Calf skin: most popular for prestigious work because you can get 3
high-quality
﻿ lettering.
Preparation of hides
Treated in barrels of lime - where this was not available, skins were 
4
buried
﻿ (removed hair -> more flexible)
Stretched tight on a frame
Scraped to create same 
5
thickness
﻿﻿
Vellum was 
6
bleached/whitened
﻿ - for correct colour
Genetic testing - finding origins
Previously - analysed handwriting and 7
dialect
﻿ used by the writer
Now - using genetic data from ‘known manuscripts’ to create a 8
baseline
﻿﻿
Uses of new data
Gives information on individual books
Shows the9
evolution
﻿ of the book industry
Helps define 10
trade routes
﻿ in medieval period

ĐÁP ÁN & GIẢI THÍCH CÂU 1

Giải thích chi tiết

﻿﻿ Mình cần nghe về đặc điểm của sheep skin (sheepskin: white in colour and ___ )
=> Phần này sẽ bắt đầu từ ''Virtually all were written on treated animal skins and there were essentially two types.''
﻿ Đối tượng đầu tiên là parchment làm từ sheep skin, ''The first was parchment, which is made of sheep skin''
﻿ Sau đó người nói đưa thông tin là ''It has the quality of being very white but also being thin.'' 
=> Nó có hai đặc điểm là rất trắng và mỏng 
=> Đáp án: thin ﻿﻿

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