Từ Vựng IELTS Online Test Actual Test 6 - Reading Test 6
Xem danh sách từ vựng Vocabulary của đề Actual Test 6 - Reading Test 6 được lấy từ cuốn Actual Test 6. Phần từ vựng IELTS của bài chứa xx từ, bao gồm phát âm, định nghĩa, ví dụ và cả hình ảnh sẽ giúp thí sinh IELTS dễ hiểu nội dung của đề bài hơn.)
📓 Passage 1: History of Refrigeration
Vehicle
/ˈvihɪkəl/
(noun). a thing used for transporting people or goods, especially on land, such as a car, truck, or cart.
refrigerator
/rəˈfrɪʤəˌreɪtər/
(noun). a piece of electrical equipment in which food is kept cold so that it stays fresh
transport
/ˈtrænspɔrt/
(verb). to move something somewhere
utilize
/ˈjutəˌlaɪz/
(verb). Make practical and effective use of.
distribute
/dɪˈstrɪbjut/
(verb). Supply (goods) to retailers.
butter
/ˈbʌtər/
(noun). a pale yellow edible fatty substance made by churning cream
commercial
/kəˈmɜrʃəl/
(adj). Concerned with or engaged in commerce.
chemical
/ˈkɛməkəl/
(noun). a compound or substance that has been purified or prepared, especially artificially
refrigerant
/rɪˈfrɪʤərənt/
(noun). A substance used for refrigeration.
harmful
/ˈhɑrmfəl/
(adj). causing damage or injury to somebody/something, especially to a person’s health or to the environment
atmosphere
/ˈætməˌsfɪr/
(noun). the mixture of gases that surrounds the earth
detrimental
/ˌdɛtrəˈmɛntəl/
(adj). harmful
ozone layer
/ˈoʊˌzoʊn ˈleɪər/
(noun). a layer in the earth's stratosphere at an altitude of about 6.2 miles (10 km) containing a high concentration of ozone
term
/tɜrm/
(noun). a word or phrase used as the name of something
farmer
/ˈfɑrmər/
(noun). a person who owns or manages a farm.
refrigerate
/rɪˈfrɪʤəˌreɪt/
(verb). subject (food or drink) to cold in order to chill or preserve it, typically by placing it in a refrigerator.
temperature
/ˈtɛmprəʧər/
(noun). the measurement in degrees of how hot or cold a thing or place is
patent
/ˈpætənt/
(verb). a government authority or license conferring a right or title for a set period, especially the sole right to exclude others from making, using, or selling an invention.
tramcar
/ˈtræmkɑː/
(noun). a trolley car.
railroad
/ˈreɪlˌroʊd/
(noun). a track with rails on which trains run
technical
/ˈtɛknɪkəl/
(adj). connected with the practical use of machinery, methods, etc. in science and industry
method
/ˈmɛθəd/
(noun). A particular procedure for accomplishing or approaching something
economical
/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪkəl/
(adj). cost-effective
speedy
/ˈspidi/
(adj). done or occurring quickly.
uniform
/ˈjunəˌfɔrm/
(adj). remaining the same in all cases and at all times; unchanging in form or character.
block
/blɑk/
(noun). A large solid piece of hard material, especially rock, stone, or wood,
storage
/ˈstɔrəʤ/
(noun). the action or method of storing something for future use.
manufacture
/ˌmænjəˈfækʧər/
(verb). mass-produce
trucking
/ˈtrʌkɪŋ/
(noun). the activity of transporting goods somewhere in a truck
refrigeration
/rɪˌfrɪʤəˈreɪʃən/
(noun). subjecting food or drink to cold in order to chill or preserve it.
roof-mounted
/ruf-ˈmaʊntəd/
(adj). fitted at the roof of the house
liquefy
/ˈlɪkwəˌfaɪ/
(verb). to become liquid; to make something liquid
fresh
/frɛʃ/
(adj). (food) recently produced or picked and not frozen
consumer
/kənˈsumər/
(noun). A person who purchases goods and services for personal use.
demand
/dɪˈmænd/
(noun). an insistent and peremptory request, made as if by right
dietary
/ˈdaɪəˌtɛri/
(adj). connected with or contained in the food that you eat and drink regularly
associated
/əˈsoʊsiˌeɪtəd/
(adj). (of a person or thing) connected with something else.
soaring
/ˈsɔrɪŋ/
(adj). increasing
reform
/riˈfɔrm/
(noun). the action or process of reforming an institution or practice.
regional
/ˈriʤənəl/
(adj). Relating to or characteristic of a region
transportation
/ˌtrænspərˈteɪʃən/
(noun). a system for carrying people or goods from one place to another using vehicles, roads, etc.
urbanisation
/ˌɜrbənəˈzeɪʃən/
(noun). the process of making an area more urban.
enlarge
/ɛnˈlɑrʤ/
(verb). Make or become larger
extensive
/ɪkˈstɛnsɪv/
(adj). Covering or affecting a large area.
spread
/sprɛd/
(noun). the fact or process of spreading over an area.
treatment
/ˈtritmənt/
(noun). the manner in which someone behaves toward or deals with someone or something.
sewage
/ˈsuəʤ/
(noun). used water and waste substances that are produced by human bodies, that are carried away from houses and factories through special pipes
dumping
/ˈdʌmpɪŋ/
(noun). the act or practice of dumping something, especially dangerous substances
adverse
/ædˈvɜrs/
(adj). preventing success or development;
sector
/ˈsɛktər/
(noun). An area or portion that is distinct from others.
dairy
/ˈdɛri/
(noun). milk, eggs, cheese and other milk products
mechanical
/məˈkænɪkəl/
(adj). Operated by a machine or machinery.
substance
/ˈsʌbstəns/
(noun). A particular kind of matter with uniform properties.
liquid
/ˈlɪkwəd/
(noun). a substance that flows freely and is not a solid or a gas, for example water or oil
cycle
/ˈsaɪkəl/
(noun). A series of events that are regularly repeated
vapour
/ˈveɪpə/
(noun). a mass of very small drops of liquid in the air
compression
/kəmˈprɛʃən/
(noun). the action of compressing or being compressed.
absorption
/əbˈzɔrpʃən/
(noun). the process or action by which one thing absorbs or is absorbed by another.
steam
/stim/
(noun). the vapor into which water is converted when heated, forming a white mist of minute water droplets in the air.
jet
/ʤɛt/
(noun). a jet engine.
ejector
/ɪˈʤɛktər/
(noun). a device that causes something to be removed or to drop out.
cellar
/ˈsɛlər/
(noun). an underground room often used for storing things
spoilage
/ˈspɔɪləʤ/
(noun). the decay of food which means that it can no longer be used
dissolve
/dɪˈzɑlv/
(verb). to make a solid become part of a liquid
saltpeter
/ˈsɔːltˌpiːtə/
(noun). a salty-tasting white powder used to preserve meat, and also used in producing explosives and fertilizers
liquor
/ˈlɪkə/
(noun). strong alcoholic drink
fashionable
/ˈfæʃənəbəl/
(adj). representing a current popular style. (hợp thời trang)
potential
/pəˈtɛnʃəl/
(noun). having or showing the capacity to develop into something in the future.
container
/kənˈteɪnər/
(noun). an object that can be used to hold or transport something.
distribute
/dɪˈstrɪbjut/
(verb). Supply (goods) to retailers.
initiate
/ɪˈnɪʃiɪt/
(verb). Cause (a process or action) to begin.
evaporation
/ɪˌvæpəˈreɪʃən/
(noun). the process of a liquid changing or being changed into a gas
vacuum
/ˈvækjum/
(noun). a space that is completely empty of all substances, including all air or other gas
partial
/ˈpɑrʃəl/
(adj). not complete or whole
portable
/ˈpɔrtəbəl/
(adj). able to be easily carried or moved, especially because being of a lighter and smaller version than usual
compressor
/kəmˈprɛsər/
(noun). a machine that compresses air or other gases
bunker
/ˈbʌŋkər/
(noun). a strongly built shelter for soldiers or guns, usually underground
circulate
/ˈsɜrkjəˌleɪt/
(verb). move or cause to move continuously or freely through a closed system or area
gravity
/ˈgrævəti/
(noun). The force that attracts a body towards the centre of the earth,
flap
/flæp/
(noun). a piece of something thin, such as cloth, paper, or metal, hinged or attached only on one side, that covers an opening or hangs down from something.
cargo
/ˈkɑrˌgoʊ/
(noun). goods carried on a ship, aircraft, or motor vehicle.
synthetic
/sɪnˈθɛtɪk/
(adj). (of a substance) made by chemical synthesis, especially to imitate a natural product
prevailing
/prɪˈveɪlɪŋ/
(adj). Existing at a particular time; current.
devastation
/ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃən/
(noun). great destruction or damage, especially over a wide area
application
/ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/
(noun). the action of putting something into operation.
vicinity
/vəˈsɪnəti/
(noun). the area near or surrounding a particular place.
📓 Passage 2: Ancient People in Sahara
engrave
/ɪnˈgreɪv/
(verb). cut or carve (a text or design) on the surface of a hard object
passage
/ˈpæsəʤ/
(noun). a short extract from a book or other printed material
fertile
/ˈfɜrtəl/
(adj). that plants grow well in
barren
/ˈbærən/
(adj). not good enough for plants to grow on it
flank
/flæŋk/
(noun). the side of something such as a building or mountain
southern
/ˈsʌðərn/
(adj). situated in the south or directed toward or facing the south.
remains
/rɪˈmeɪnz/
(noun). the parts left over after other parts have been removed, used, or destroyed
desert
/ˈdɛzɜrt/
(noun). a place with sand, hot weather and no vegetation
slope
/sloʊp/
(noun). an area of land that is part of a mountain or hill
dune
/dun/
(noun). asmall hill of sand formed by the wind, near the sea or in a desert
scatter
/ˈskætər/
(verb). Throw in various random directions.
cooperate
/koʊˈɑpəˌreɪt/
(verb). work jointly toward the same end.
archaeological
/ˌɑrkiəˈlɑʤɪkəl/
(adj). Relating to archaeology.
ancient
/ˈeɪnʧənt/
(adj). Belonging to the very distant past and no longer in existence.
acquaint
/əˈkweɪnt/
(verb). to make somebody/yourself familiar with or aware of something
exploration
/ˌɛkspləˈreɪʃən/
(noun). the act of travelling through a place in order to find out about it
initial
/ɪˈnɪʃəl/
(adj). Existing or occurring at the beginning.
sketch
/skɛʧ/
(verb). make a rough drawing of
destined
/ˈdɛstɪnd/
(adj). regarded as developing as though according to a pre-existing plan.
site
/saɪt/
(noun). A place where a particular event or activity is occurring or has occurred
nomad
/ˈnoʊˌmæd/
(noun). a member of a community that moves with its animals from place to place
roam
/roʊm/
(verb). Move about or travel aimlessly
excavate
/ˈɛkskəˌveɪt/
(verb). ) Make (a hole or channel) by digging.
tomb
/tum/
(noun). A large vault, typically an underground one, for burying the dead.
skeleton
/ˈskɛlətən/
(noun). An internal or external framework of bone, cartilage, or other rigid material
research
/riˈsɜrʧ/
(noun). the systematic investigation into and study of materials and sources in order to establish facts and reach new conclusions
laboratory
/ˈlæbrəˌtɔri/
(noun). A room or building equipped for scientific experiments
bundle
/ˈbʌndəl/
(verb). tie or roll up (a number of things) together as though into a parcel.
burial
/ˈbɛriəl/
(adj). the act or ceremony of burying a dead body
estimate
/ˈɛstəmət/
(verb). to form an idea of the cost, size, value etc. of something, but without calculating it exactly
compactly
/kəmˈpæktli/
(adv). in a way that uses or fills only a small amount of space
artefact
/ˈɑːtɪfækt/
(noun). an object that is made by a person, especially something of historical or cultural interest
approximately
/əˈprɑksəmətli/
(adv). almost, but not completely
industrious
/ɪnˈdʌstriəs/
(adj). diligent and hard-working.
forearm
/ˈfɔˌrɑrm/
(noun). the part of the arm between the elbow and the wrist
strenuous
/ˈstrɛnjuəs/
(adj). requiring or using great effort or exertion.
muscle
/ˈmʌsəl/
(noun). a piece of body tissue that you contract and relax in order to move a particular part of the body; the tissue that forms the muscles of the body
attachment
/əˈtæʧmənt/
(noun). a strong feeling of affection for somebody/something
lifestyle
/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/
(noun). the way in which a person lives.
observation
/ˌɑbzərˈveɪʃən/
(noun). the act of watching somebody/something carefully for a period of time
infer
/ɪnˈfɜr/
(verb). to reach an opinion or decide that something is true on the basis of information that is available
presume
/prɪˈzum/
(verb). suppose that something is the case on the basis of probability.
herder
/ˈhɛrdər/
(noun). a person who looks after a herd of livestock or makes a living from keeping livestock, especially in open country.
consistent
/kənˈsɪstənt/
(adj). acting or done in the same way over time, especially so as to be fair or accurate.
scholar
/ˈskɑlər/
(noun). A specialist in a particular branch of study,
dominant
/ˈdɑmənənt/
(adj). Having power and influence over others.
goat
/goʊt/
(noun). a hardy domesticated ruminant animal that has backward curving horns and (in the male) a beard
transitional
/trænˈsɪʃənəl/
(adj). relating to or characteristic of a process or period of transition.
professor
/prəˈfɛsər/
(noun). a university teacher of the highest rank
palaeontologist
/ˌpælɪɒnˈtɒləʤɪst/
(noun). a person who studies fossils
toffee
/ˈtɑfi/
(noun). a kind of firm or hard candy that softens when sucked or chewed, made by boiling together sugar and butter, often with other ingredients or flavorings added
massive
/ˈmæsɪv/
(adj). Large and heavy or solid.
inexorable
/ˌɪˈnɛksərəbəl/
(adj). that cannot be stopped or changed
prestigious
/prɛˈstɪʤəs/
(adj). respected and admired as very important or of very high quality
obsessive
/əbˈsɛsɪv/
(adj). Of the nature of an obsession.
perspective
/pərˈspɛktɪv/
(noun). A particular attitude towards something; a point of view
willingly
/ˈwɪlɪŋli/
(adv). in a willing way
alligator
/ˈæləˌgeɪtər/
(noun). a large semiaquatic reptile similar to a crocodile but with a broader and shorter head
civilization
/ˌsɪvəlɪˈzeɪʃən/
(noun). a state of human society that is very developed and organized
hippo
/ˈhɪpoʊ/
(noun). another term for hippopotamus.
vicinity
/vəˈsɪnəti/
(noun). the area near or surrounding a particular place.
exhume
/ɛkshˈjum/
(verb). to remove a dead body from the ground especially in order to examine how the person died
femur
/ˈfimər/
(noun). the bone of the thigh or upper hind limb, articulating at the hip and the knee.
coincide
/ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/
(verb). Occur at the same time.
contrast
/ˈkɑntræst/
(noun). The state of being strikingly different from something else
ridge
/rɪʤ/
(noun). a narrow area of high land along the top of a line of hills; a high pointed area near the top of a mountain
laborious
/ləˈbɔriəs/
(adj). taking a lot of time and effort
cemetery
/ˈsɛməˌtɛri/
(noun). A large burial ground, especially one not in a churchyard.
cattle
/ˈkætəl/
(noun). domesticated animals , which give meat and milk
pastoralist
/ˈpæstərəlɪst/
(noun). a sheep or cattle farmer.
slaughter
/ˈslɔtər/
(noun). the killing of animals for
📓 Passage 3: Texting the Television
Factor
/ˈfæktər/
(noun). a circumstance or a fact
relevant
/ˈrɛləvənt/
(adj). Closely connected or appropriate to what is being done
interactive
/ˌɪntəˈræktɪv/
(adj). (of two people or things) influencing each other.
phenomenon
/fəˈnɑməˌnɑn/
(noun). A fact or situation that is observed to exist or happen,
attribute
/ˈætrəˌbjut/
(verb). regard something as being caused by (someone or something).
majority
/məˈʤɔrəti/
(noun). The greater number.
broadcaster
/ˈbrɔdˌkæstər/
(noun). an organization that transmits a programme or information by radio or television.
supernatural
/ˌsupərˈnæʧərəl/
(adj). attributed to some force beyond scientific understanding
revenue
/ˈrɛvəˌnu/
(noun). income, especially when of an organization (doanh thu, kết quả kinh doanh)
appreciable
/əˈpriʃəbəl/
(adj). large or important enough to be noticed.
certain
/ˈsɜrtən/
(adj). specific but not explicitly named or stated.
profit
/ˈprɑfət/
(noun). the money that you make in business or by selling things, especially after paying the costs involved
rival
/ˈraɪvəl/
(adj). competing with other people, companies, products, etc. for the same thing or in the same area
induce
/ɪnˈdus/
(verb). Succeed in persuading or leading (someone) to do something.
consultancy
/kənˈsʌltənsi/
(noun). a company that gives expert advice on a particular subject to other companies or organizations
participant
/pɑrˈtɪsəpənt/
(noun). a person who is taking part in an activity or event
cryptic
/ˈkrɪptɪk/
(adj). having a meaning that is mysterious or obscure.
crossword
/ˈkrɔˌswɜrd/
(noun). a puzzle consisting of a grid of squares and blanks into which words crossing vertically and horizontally are written according to clues.
considerable
/kənˈsɪdərəbəl/
(adj). Notably large in size, amount, or extent.
proportion
/prəˈpɔrʃən/
(noun). A part, share, or number considered in comparative relation to a whole.
satisfactory
/ˌsætəˈsfæktri/
(adj). fulfilling expectations or needs; acceptable, though not outstanding or perfect.
unexpectedly
/ˌʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/
(adv). In a way that was not expected or regarded as likely.
massive
/ˈmæsɪv/
(adj). Large and heavy or solid.
indispensable
/ˌɪndɪˈspɛnsəbəl/
(adj). absolutely necessary.
grumble
/ˈgrʌmbəl/
(verb). complain about something in a bad-tempered way.
database
/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/
(noun). a structured set of data held in a computer, especially one that is accessible in various ways.
bypass
/ˈbaɪˌpæs/
(verb). a road passing around a town or its center to provide an alternative route for through traffic.
code
/koʊd/
(noun). A system of words, letters, figures, or symbols used to represent others,
crucial
/ˈkruʃəl/
(adj). Decisive or critical, especially in the success or failure of something
aspect
/ˈæˌspɛkt/
(noun). A particular feature of something
emergence
/ɪˈmɜrʤəns/
(noun). the fact of somebody/something coming out from a dark, confined or hidden place
digit
/ˈdɪʤət/
(noun). Any of the numerals from 0 to 9, especially when forming part of a number.
compatible
/kəmˈpætəbəl/
(adj). able to exist or be used together without causing problems
universal
/ˌjunəˈvɜrsəl/
(adj). involving all the people in the world
perspective
/pərˈspɛktɪv/
(noun). A particular attitude towards something; a point of view
enlarge
/ɛnˈlɑrʤ/
(verb). Make or become larger
dilemma
/dɪˈlɛmə/
(noun). a situation which makes problems, often one in which you have to make a very difficult choice between things of equal importance
margin
/ˈmɑrʤən/
(noun). an amount by which a thing is won or falls short.
medium
/ˈmidiəm/
(noun). a way of communicating information, etc. to people
reluctance
/rɪˈlʌktəns/
(noun). the feeling of being unwilling to do something
content
/ˈkɑntɛnt/
(adj). In a state of peaceful happiness.
alter
/ˈɔltər/
(verb). change in significant way
operator
/ˈɑpəˌreɪtər/
(noun). A person who operates equipment or a machine.
launch
/lɔnʧ/
(verb). to start an activity, especially an organized one
transparency
/trænˈspɛrənsi/
(noun). the quality of being open and without secrets.
unimaginable
/ˌʌnɪˈmæʤɪnəbəl/
(adj). impossible to think of or to believe exists
complex
/ˈkɑmplɛks/
(adj). Consisting of many different and connected parts
fancy
/ˈfænsi/
(adj). elaborate in structure or decoration.
demand
/dɪˈmænd/
(verb). Ask authoritatively or brusquely.
sincerely
/sɪnˈsɪrli/
(adv). in a sincere or genuine way.
programme
/ˈproʊˌgræm/
(noun). a set of related measures or activities with a particular long-term aim.
substitute
/ˈsʌbstəˌtut/
(noun). replacement
surpass
/sərˈpæs/
(verb). Exceed; be greater than.
usage
/ˈjusəʤ/
(noun). The action of using something or the fact of being used.
bonus
/ˈboʊnəs/
(noun). a sum of money added to a person's wages as a reward for good performance.
modify
/ˈmɑdəˌfaɪ/
(verb). Make partial or minor changes to (something)
embed
/ɪmˈbɛd/
(verb). fixed firmly and deeply in a surrounding mass; implanted
platform
/ˈplætˌfɔrm/
(noun). A raised level surface on which people or things can stand.
infrastructure
/ˌɪnfrəˈstrʌkʧər/
(noun). the basic physical and organizational structures
convenient
/kənˈvinjənt/
(adj). fitting in well with a person's needs, activities, and plans.
application
/ˌæpləˈkeɪʃən/
(noun). A formal request to be considered for a position or to be allowed to do or have something
construct
/kənˈstrʌkt/
(verb). Build or make (something, typically a building)
statistics
/stəˈtɪstɪks/
(noun). the practice or science of collecting and analysing numerical data in large quantities
expense
/ɪkˈspɛns/
(noun). the money that you spend on something
generate
/ˈʤɛnəˌreɪt/
(verb). cause emotion to arise or come about.
exquisite
/ˈɛkskwəzət/
(adj). extremely beautiful or carefully made
flawed
/flɔd/
(adj). characterized by a fundamental weakness
software
/ˈsɔfˌtwɛr/
(noun). the programs and other operating information used by a computer.
incompatible
/ɪnkəmˈpætəbəl/
(adj). so different in nature as to be incapable of coexisting.
costly
/ˈkɑstli/
(adj). costing a lot; expensive.
penetration
/ˌpɛnəˈtreɪʃən/
(noun). the action or process of making a way through or into something
middlemen
/ˈmɪdəlˌmɛn/
(noun). a person who buys goods from producers and sells them to retailers or consumers.
greedy
/ˈgridi/
(adj). having or showing an intense and selfish desire for something, especially wealth or power.
triumph
/ˈtraɪəmf/
(noun). A great victory or achievement.
IELTS Online Test
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